So as you guys already know I've taken a somewhat different approach to this assignment. When i began i found myself just doing a vague analysis, plucking out figures of speech I found, and modes of persuasion to do a "what the teacher wants" paper. Perhaps i would of been better off doing that, it certainty would of been easier, but i wasn't enjoying it. So instead, our professor inspired me to avoid writing a paper about politics, something i hate, and find something that intrigues me so that i might enjoy writing this paper. Our conversation was helpful and inspiring I tried to analyze the rhetoric of why we hate politics so much, and it was tricky, very. It was essentially doing the opposite of what we have been doing. Perhaps by going down this road i've given myself a much more challenging topic and the subpar quality of my paper reflects this. It was hard not to state the obvious reasons why we all hate politics, and remember i needed to look at it through a rhetorical lens. It reads more like a rough draft. It lacks those juicy rhetorical words and arguments that aristotle speaks so fondly of. I settled on this topic only a few days before the due date, and it would of been nice to see what other people thought about this, specifically the comments in class today were inspiring. Anyways, enjoy, and i'm interested to see what you guys think about this, what am i missing, and why you hate politics.
Rhetoric Of Hate
Americans
are losing interest in politics—Turnout in U.S. national elections ranks an
extraordinary 138th among 170 countries that hold elections. Why has a nation
founded on the pillars of democracy taken such disinterest in politics? Politicians
are riddled with negative adjectives; whereas not too long ago, politics
carried with it positive connotations. They do everything they can to appeal to
the majority of people, but they must be doing something wrong if poll numbers
are down and interest is declining. Some of us in this class have expressed a
particular disinterest in politics. This can’t be a coincidence; there must be
several underlying problems to our opinions. What is it about Romney or Barack
that makes us grit out teeth and curse under our breath?
Politicians
use too much rhetoric. They haven’t realized that too much of a good thing can
be a bad thing. Most Americans don’t know this as the reason why they have
become unattached from politics. Politicians use ethos to appeal as an
authoritative figure; unfortunately these attempts can do more damage then
good. Aristotle writes how anger results from belittlement. Angry Americans direct
their emotion towards those who insult them or what they value. These insults
are the reasoning behind the anger.
Politicians
use rhetoric in every attempt to win our vote. Americans are beginning to see
through this emphasis on manipulation—we are tired of being told what to do and
how to do it. This disillusionment has opened the flood gates to criticism. Politicians
address the American people like sheep; and they are the all mighty shepherd to
guide us through danger and adversity. They speak to the American public as if
there is little hope unless we elect them; they make promises to make it all
better. By utilizing protope, a call to action by using threat or promises,
politicians hope to scare us into voting for them.
In an ad
campaign against Obama, Romney shows a comparison of several of Obamas speeches
in 2008 and 2012. The video shows short clips from different years in Obamas
speeches side by side. He surprisingly uses—if not identical, similar phrases, in
his promises to the American people throughout his 2008 and 2012 campaign. Parallelism in his public speech’s reveal his
incompetence, and makes the audience wonder, if elected, will Obama just do
what he’s been doing? Many of us have
come to recognize this repetition and it has forced us to categorize politics
into this mundane game of broken promises and deception.
Politicians are always promising us something,
only to find out their promise isn’t even feasible. Mitt Romney’s tax cuts for
example, gave many Americans hope; Lower income tax, no estate tax and elimination of taxes on
investment income for low and middle income taxpayers. Unfortunately after he
announced this, they crunched the numbers, and the numbers didn’t add up. Here
is a presidential candidate making promises to us that he can’t keep. This
seems to be a reoccurring pattern in politics. In the 2008 election, Obama
promised to lower health care premiums for those who already had a plan, which
have increased 9% since then. Obama hasn’t kept his promise to protect social
security for future generations. As
voters we put a lot of faith in our politics, but deception and broken promises
have forced us to reconsider.
Single
member candidates inevitably create a two party system. The lack of variety in
candidates leads to many people who decide their isn’t anyone that represents
their views in office. A majority of people end up voting for the candidate who
“mostly” agrees with their opinion. Since 1920 congress has frozen the number
of representatives at 435, regardless of the fact that population has increased
dramatically since then. This disregard to support a growing population so that
we have equal representation supports our growing disinterest in politics. As
each member now represents hundreds of thousands people, voters feel lost at
sea when it comes to influencing their representatives. More Americans are
feeling under-represented in politics.
Candidates take a healthy
serving of logos and spread it all over their campaign.. The reason many of us
hate politics so much is that their logic, in our eyes, is flawed. Romney is
trying to win the vote of the common American people, but his statements that 47%
of Americans don’t pay income tax and who believe they are victims, makes
people really question his true intentions in office; insomuch that voters
wonder why Romney wouldn’t avoid such a blatantly offensive statement to the
lower and middle class. Granted Romney didn’t say this to a public audience, at
least he thought so, we can’t help but wonder what else he is saying behind
closed doors that he doesn’t want us to hear. Two weeks later after this
statement was leaked, Romney states that he was, “just completely wrong.” This
constant shift of opinion plagues the candidates with these irrefutable sleazy
characteristics politicians are known for.
In the recent presidential debate, voters saw
their president Barack Obama, the man in charge of the United States of
America, fall to a very convincing Romney. Obama’s submissive body language,
downward gazes, and lack of eye contact cast doubt into the viewer’s mind, “So
this guy actually runs out country?” As voters we need to see how our president
will hold up against adversity and Obamas pedestal of ethos he’s been building
crumbled before the audience’s eyes. People make decisions emotionally, based
on their perspective of the issue. And their perspective drew them a clear
picture that the man who has been running our country doesn’t deserve another
chance.
Many of
us don’t believe the government is acting is favor of the common people,
because of this, they don’t believe in participating in the institution they
oppose. With approval ratings for the President below 50% and for Congress
below 25% we see a grim future for politics in the United States. What we expect from politics is dependent on the assumptions we
project on politicians. We hope that they meet, or at least try to meet these
assumptions, but we are usually let down. Unfortunately many of them aren’t
considered to be selfless representatives of those who elected them. They are increasingly
seen to be powerless and ineffective beyond their control.
Politicians
have a very specific way they address certain crowds. In a speech to stadium
packed full of college students Obama thanks the audience for “hanging out with
him on a Friday night.” While his use of ethos would tickle a rhetorician pink,
it makes my roll my eyes back. You know that guy? That one guy? The guy who
tries to be friends with everyone. We all hate him, and maybe we’ve been him.
My point is when someone tries too hard to fit in, they usually and make a fool
of themselves.
If our
country is going to continue to operate as a functional and progressive
democracy our politics need a facelift. Genuine passion and interest in the
American people shouldn’t have to be layered with rhetoric and mind games.
Politicians need to take a step back from rhetoric and elucidate their true intentions, without all the fluff.
I think your paper is much better than the "subpar" quality you claim it is. You have a very interesting and unique topic here that deals with a lack of authenticity in politics.
ReplyDeleteI wouldn't normally suggest inserting your own opinions, but with the nature of this paper it would be a nice introduction to maybe write about your own experience in becoming disinterested in politics.
In a digital format, images are always helpful and make the reading more enjoyable, interactive, and seem "lighter."
When referencing what said, as you did with Aristotle, I would definitely try to find the actual quote that you are speaking. It will make your argument stronger.
Since this paper is a more highly politically charged analysis, I would maybe include some sources for some of the claims you make. I believe you, but the audience will trust you more as a speaker if you provide some way to back it up.
Since you claim that politicians use rhetoric too much. I would suggest maybe looking at some of the arguments that Plato and others have made against it and include some of those in your paper.
I really like this topic. It is an interesting way of looking at rhetoric. I think you did a good job of analyzing the rhetoric of the two candidates as well as explaining why we don't like it. You also go into the dangers of too much rhetoric, which I enjoyed. I also really liked your voice. It brings the reader in and makes it more enjoyable to read.
ReplyDeleteI wanted to see you expand on the part about Aristotle and anger in the beginning. You bring up an interesting point and then kind of drop it. It would definitely help to have a quote.
I agree that citations would help to give your claims more of a foundation.
This was a great paper, I enjoyed reading it from your perspective and I have to agree with the other 2 comments as to explaining Aristotle and anger a little bit more. I agree that politics has this stigmata behind it where we have to decipher what is good and what is bad. It sure would be nice if we didn't have to do this but unfortunately it is how our system works. Maybe someone should propose a law that would make it illegal for politicians to lie, kind of like in a court of law where you would be charged with perjury.
ReplyDeleteSam,
ReplyDeleteThe last paragraph really hit the nail on the head! I couldn't agree with you more. Rhetoric is a kind of make-up that can make an arguement more convincing, but the more they wear, the more obvious it becomes; and they all look like clowns up there. This was engaging because I agree with you, and because it was good to see rhetoric used in a non-convential manner
Bravo!
Nice Job Sam,
ReplyDeleteI don't think this paper was subpar at all and actually thought it was well written. I agree with you that politicians make so many empty promises and lies that they push their voters away. I haven't had much interest in politics, like you, so when I watched the debate I felt confused because I didn't know who was telling the truth!
I guess in your second draft you might include some quotes and more outside sources. I agree with Kenny and Meghan that it would back up your claims. However, I was definitely convinced of your point even without the back-up because it was clear that this paper was heartfelt and full of your own passionate hate for politics!
Nice job!
I agree with the sheep sentiment and I am also tired of the broken promises. It is hard to try to get behind someone when you know they are only talking out of their ass to get your vote and win an election and then do none of what they promised. We are a nation run by liars and crooks. i think what you mentioned about not having enough candidates to chose from is spot on. Seriously? These two guys...those are the only guys who can run the country? BS!
ReplyDeleteI liked your paper mostly because I agree wholeheartedly...I feel your pain :)
Sam –
ReplyDeleteI liked this paper, and I liked the way you stepped out of your comfort zone to write it. I think you get off track a little at the front end by the claim of “too much rhetoric,” because that distracts you from looking at the ways that rhetoric plays a deeper role.
Think, for example, about the idea of audience – we’ve done some thinking and reading in the latter part of the semester about the ways in which audiences are active parts of a rhetorical situation – audiences need to feel engaged, there needs to be some sense of connection (think of the best speech you’ve ever seen as a live observer, or the best class you’ve ever been in as a student – you were collaborating with the speaker or teacher in one way or another). The distance we feel as an audience is noted in your discussion of the lack of representation we experience, the ways in which we are not sensing our engagement matters as part of the process. I would argue that the Citizens United ruling, which allowed for unchecked sums of money to be spent on the elections, has only augmented this tendency to make us feel cut off, because those ads were so clearly manipulative.
It is hurriedly written, I understand, and I know you recalibrated quickly, but it does read like a draft. I wonder as you reread it now what you see in it, how you’d develop it. I’d be open to a serious revision of this as a final project, but it would have to go well beyond the bounds of what you’re doing here. Or you can just ditch it. But it is an interesting and important idea, with a good deal of potential.
I’m not the first teacher you’ve had to comment on the possiblity that you’re smarter and more capable than you give yourself credit for, I’m pretty sure. But you are.
Kirk
Notes while reading:
I wonder about the disclaimer up front, rhetorically – it’s a kind of litote, yes? Getting us to lower our expectations?
Do you think negative associations with politics are new? I think you’re wrong about that, though I would agree that the conditions are changing in regards to that. (The trope of the over-promising politician, however, is as old as democracy.)
“Use too much rhetoric” – rethink this phrase, Sam – I don’t think it’s the right one here – you flatten the term when you put it in those terms. It’s the use of rhetoric that matters, the manner of rhetoric, dare I say the values behind it. But there would be no way for a politician to “not use rhetoric” just like there is no way for me as a teacher to “not use rhetoric” at every moment I am teaching.
You get closer to this as you continue, but the heart of a paper that is going to engage these issues would be an exploration of the kinds of rhetoric politicians use, or that are prevelant in political campaigns.